Chécalo aquí LOANS

 In finance, a loan is a debt provided by one entity (organization or individual) to another entity at an interest rate, and evidenced by a note which specifies, among other things, the principal amount, interest rate, and date of repayment. A loan entails the reallocation of the subject asset(s) for a period of time, between the lender and the borrower.

 In a loan, the borrower initially receives or borrows an amount of money, called the principal, from the lender, and is obligated to pay back or repay an equal amount of money to the lender at a later time.

 The loan is generally provided at a cost, referred to as interest on the debt, which provides an incentive for the lender to engage in the loan. In a legal loan, each of these obligations and restrictions is enforced by contract, which can also place the borrower under additional restrictions known as loan covenants. Although this article focuses on monetary loans, in practice any material object might be lent.

 Acting as a provider of loans is one of the principal tasks for financial institutions. For other institutions, issuing of debt contracts such as bonds is a typical source of funding.

INSURANCE

 Insurance is the equitable transfer of the risk of a loss, from one entity to another in exchange for money. It is a form of risk management primarily used to hedge against the risk of a contingent, uncertain loss. An insurer, or insurance carrier, is selling the insurance; the insured, or policyholder, is the person or entity buying the insurance policy.

 The amount of money to be charged for a certain amount of insurance coverage is called the premium. Risk management, the practice of appraising and controlling risk, has evolved as a discrete field of study and practice.

The transaction involves the insured assuming a guaranteed and known relatively small loss in the form of payment to the insurer in exchange for the insurer's promise to compensate (indemnify) the insured in the case of a financial (personal) loss. The insured receives a contract, called the insurance policy, which details the conditions and circumstances under which the insured will be financially compensated.

INSURANCE OF CARS

El seguro del automóvil es un contrato de seguro que cubre los riesgos creados por la conducción de automóviles en caso de causar un accidente.
Existe una modalidad básica, cuya contratación es obligatoria por los propietarios de todo vehículo, denominada por ello seguro obligatorio del automóvil que cubre la responsabilidad civil del propietario y del conductor del vehículo —en el caso de que no sean la misma persona— por los daños y lesiones que causen a terceros. Incluye también la defensa jurídica hasta ciertos límites. Esta modalidad está regulada de forma detallada por la normativa estatal.

Junto a esta modalidad básica se pueden contratar otros complementos voluntarios: lo que se denomina seguro de responsabilidad civil voluntario, que cubre las posibles indemnizaciones a terceros por encima de las cantidades incluidas en el seguro obligatorio; el seguro de ocupantes, lo mismo que el anterior pero específicamente para los ocupantes del vehículo; el seguro de daños propios o seguro a todo riesgo, por los daños que pueda sufrir el vehículo del propio asegurado; el seguro de lunas, por los daños a las lunas del propio vehículo, es una subespecie del anterior; el seguro de accidentes del conductor, que es un seguro sobre la vida del propio conductor, ya que éste no está cubierto por el seguro obligatorio; el seguro de defensa jurídica en cuanto no esté cubierto por el obligatorio; la asistencia en viaje, etc.
También existe la variante «con franquicia» que se utiliza sobre todo en los seguros de coche a todo riesgo que en vez de cubrir el total del siniestro, solo lo hace a partir de una cantidad que soporta el asegurado.